The principle of operation and device of an airless spray gun for paint

 

Not every object can be painted with the usual tools, such as a roller or a brush, and sometimes it is not even possible to use professional compressor equipment. In this case, an airless paint sprayer is used.

This equipment allows you to positively influence the efficiency of the process, so it is often used in industrial production, for painting vehicles and in a car service.

What is an airless spray gun

An airless paint sprayer is a device that operates on the principle of spraying liquid mixtures. Due to its characteristics, the coloring composition is evenly distributed and dries in the shortest possible time.

The main advantage of this unit is a high-quality result and the absence of difficulties during operation. This contributes to the extensive use of the device in enterprises and for household needs.

Varieties of devices

The spray gun is a device for quickly painting the walls and ceilings and surface. The coloring device can be of the following types:

• A manual unit powered by electricity. Manual paint equipment is small, but very effective, besides, it does not require a lot of paint when refueling. All these advantages make it in demand for a variety of jobs, but such a device is not designed for painting a large area;
• A stationary device. This unit is mainly used by qualified specialists for painting large-scale objects and complex parts. Since this equipment requires a large amount of paint, it is most often used in production.

The design and principle of operation of the device

The coloring device works both from pneumatics and from electricity, is equipped with an upper or lower tank, in some cases the coloring solution is supplied from the pump. The principle of operation of an airless sprayer is as follows: the pressure squeezes the coloring composition into the hose through a small diameter nozzle, and then there is a clearly marked spraying. The unit is excellent for painting plastic and aluminum products. The safety of workers during work is guaranteed by the built-in protection system.

The presence of a filter eliminates the possibility of equipment failure during operation on a dusty or dirty object. The basis of the device is an electric motor that feeds the coloring composition into a cylindrical nozzle made of cermets. A safety bracket protects the device from an unplanned start.

Varieties:

• Due to its compactness, the electric device is usually used for household needs;
• The most efficient unit is one that runs on gasoline. The disadvantage of the device is the exhaust;
• The pneumatic device is designed for production.

Scope of application

Such equipment as an airless high-pressure spray gun is widely used in large enterprises where there is a need for regular painting of large objects without small elements.

The scope of application of such coloring extends to the following industrial productions:

• Automobile service;
• Automobile plants;
• Fleets;
• Furniture workshops;
• Enterprises for the manufacture of windows and doors;
• Railway service;
• Shipbuilding.

Pros and cons of an airless spray gun

An airless compressor for painting evenly distributes the paint agent over the surface, thereby improving the quality of the coating. The pressure action allows paint splashes to move in the air without swirling, improving performance.

The main advantage of this method is the saving of paint and varnish products and time. In addition, no special surface preparation is required.

The disadvantage of working with a spray gun is the lack of the possibility of painting a surface whose shape differs in complex elements, otherwise the product will be painted unevenly. So, the convex parts of the surface will be with inflows, and the smaller elements will become shagreen.

Which spray gun is better: air or airless

Many people are interested in whether an air or airless spray gun is better. You can solve this issue by considering the advantages and disadvantages of each type of tool.

Air device:

Spraying with a coloring mixture treats the surface with a thin layer, creating a high-quality coating. The disadvantage of this type of staining is the low pressure, which does not allow the jet to reach the desired area.

Airless device:

Airless treatment under high pressure freely applies the paint and varnish agent, thereby increasing the painting performance. The disadvantages of airless coloring include the lack of the possibility of processing a complex surface, because with this method of coloring, the details of the structure will not be completely painted.

Scope of application of the air tool. The device is designed for small production, where there is a need for frequent replacement of the mixture, and a high-quality result is required. The airless spray gun is operated mainly in large-scale production for products of simple shapes.

How to choose the best airless spray Gun

Many people are worried about which device is better, maybe it's worth buying a cheaper option or it's better to give preference to an expensive model. To begin with, it is worth exploring the range, considering the highest quality and most popular options.

If the equipment is supposed to be used for carrying out a large-scale amount of work, then it is worth choosing products from well-known manufacturers that have proven themselves, for example, spray guns from Bosch.

Professional equipment always has a large diameter. Bosch brand devices are designed for spraying 200-500 ml/min. It is also worth taking into account such characteristics of the aggregates as the maximum possible viscosity of the paint, so a tool that can apply a 50-80 Din paint and varnish agent is suitable for a water-based emulsion.

When an airless paint machine is used with your own hands on small surfaces, it will be enough to use a tool equipped with a nozzle with a diameter of less than 0.8 m, from well-known foreign manufacturers Bosch or Wagner, or models of domestic production.

Equipment selection criteria

When choosing a tool, the nozzle diameter should be taken into account. So, for domestic use, products with a torch diameter of less than 80 cm, which consumes a minimum of paint and varnish mixture, and a power of 400-1000 watts are suitable, and professional devices with a paint and varnish consumption of 200-500 ml/min are suitable for enterprises.

Another indicator is a convenient handle, a spray power regulator, accessories for the nozzle, and it is also desirable that the noise level of the device is minimal.

Well-known manufacturers

The most popular products of foreign companies are represented by the Bosch and Sturm brands, among domestic manufacturers the most popular brands are Caliber, Bison, Grako and Wagner. Each of these brands produces both a line of professional equipment and appliances for household use.

When working with a water-based emulsion mixture on small surfaces, there are enough models with low power, which are produced by the German company Bosch and the Wagner brand.

Work with an airless spray gun

First of all, the base is prepared, for this old paint and dirt are removed. Then the tool is adjusted, for this purpose paint and varnish material is poured into the tank, the mode is adjusted and the device is checked.

The operability of the tool is checked as follows: you need to press the start button and spray it directed at a cardboard sheet located vertically relative to the jet. If vertical streaks form on the sheet, it means that the tool is incorrectly configured, so it is necessary to transform the consistency of the coloring composition. With large flows, it is necessary to reduce the spray power. If the color is too saturated, the mixture should be diluted with a solvent.

During operation, the tool must be kept at the initial level. After painting each section, the surface is checked. When the device is disconnected, the pressure is lowered by a lever. Upon completion of the work, the device is cleaned.

Of course, an airless spray gun is an excellent solution for carrying out construction and repair work, both at the enterprise and at the household level. However, it should be borne in mind that not all models of this equipment are intended for beginners.

Also, when buying a tool, you should take into account the volume and complexity of the work performed. Nevertheless, it is much easier to work with such a device, faster, and most importantly, the result will be much better.